The Pi Squared White Paper

This paper explains Pi Squared's vision to bring universality and correctness-by-construction to Web3, without compromising performance. Universality means that all programming languages can be used to write smart contracts. Correctness-by-construction means that programs execute provably correctly according to their language's definition, without any need to trust or formally verify compilers, interpreters, or zkVMs. The time is ripe for Pi Squared's ambitious vision, thanks to breakthroughs in three apparently distinct technologies: language semantic frameworks, (zero-knowledge) proofs of (mathematical) proofs, and universal blockchain stacks. This paper describes what these are, why they are important, and how they converge. The reader is encouraged to check their corresponding white papers for technical details.